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How to bulletproof your story before it’s too late

Bulletproofing your story:
Mark Horvit, executive director, Investigative Reporters and Editors
Rick Brooks, deputy Money & Investing editor, The Wall Street Journal

Or this NICAR 2010 (Computer Assisted Reporting Conference ) session could have been called ‘How not to get sued.’

Brooks outlined the methodology by which the WSJ begins an investigative story, documents it and then records what they did and publishes that for the public. The example he used was a package published in October 2009 which outlined why Wall Street was on track to award record pay to their employees.

As part of the package of stories, the WSJ published the methodology used in assessing the compensation at 38 major financial firms. It began:

“To estimate compensation and benefits at major Wall Street firms, The Wall Street Journal reviewed financial statements by publicly traded companies classified in their

Wall Street Journal Pay Tracker

A look at the WSJ's compensation tracker

Securities and Exchange Commission filings as brokers or dealers of securities and commodities, invesment advisers or exchanges. “

and included:

“When such line items weren’t available in a company’s financial statements, the Journal used the closest approximation, such as “personnel” costs.”

“At the Wall Street Journal, nobody will read anything about themselves in the paper or online that they didn’t already know,” Brooks said, explaining the culture of the paper.

Horvit then talked about the editor-reporter partnership and passed along some specific tips on gathering and using data.

“Reporters need someone to help walk through a project, step-by-step,” Horvit said. And when the story got to the editing stage, he said he would read stories with a marker to “circle anything surprising. Anything that looked like an outlier, I questioned.” He said the problems that come up during close vetting of a major project are the difference between “Pulitzer or lawsuit.”

Specific tips from Horvit included:

  • When you finally get the data you need, make a copy of it, put it in a safe place to protect and hopefully never look at again.
  • Know the number of documents you are supposed to be getting.
  • Know how many fields are supposed to be in the pages.
  • Get a copy of the record layout.
  • Run a data check to see that you got everything you need.
  • Run a “group by… ” check. .. ex: see if you got data for every county or every state.
  • Run a “sort ascending” to check for blanks.
  • Keep a record, logs of what you’ve done as you assess the data.
  • Don’t surprise your editor. Keep them informed along the way.
  • Share your work with the focus of the story … going back to the WSJ’s idea of no surprises for your subjects.


  • About the Author

    I've been Web managing editor at the Reynolds Center for Business Journalism since 2009. Before that I was Online Community Manager for azcentral, the online site for The Arizona Republic. Before arriving in Arizona, I worked at Newsday where I was Deputy Business Editor. I was the small business editor at BusinessWeek Online. I teach journalists to use Twitter, Facebook and other social media tools to expand and manage their networks. You can reach me at Email: Robin.Phillips@BusinessJournalism.org OR RobinJPhillips.com OR @RobinJP

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